Most inline-four engines use a flat-plane crank, meaning two pistons rise while two fall, giving perfect primary balance and even 180-degree firing intervals. Yamaha broke from this in 2009 with the ...

This is a preview. Log in through your library . Abstract A fiber optic infrared spectroscopic sensor was developed to measure the crank angle resolved residual fraction of burned gas retained in the ...

An improperly routed crankshaft position sensor on affected units is to blame and will be remedied. On December 11, 2023, Indian Motorcycle Company issued a safety recall for certain 2023 through 2024 ...