Although the internal combustion engine has lost 41 horsepower, the electric drive unit has received new software to make up ...
With the European Union set to roll out its most stringent emissions regulations yet, known as "Euro 7," towards the end of ...
Abstract: Ziegler and Nichols developed the well-known Ziegler-Nichols approach to modify PID controller coefficients in order to find conventional PID controller parameters that are adequate. This ...
Abstract: Large models have accelerated the development of intelligent interpretation in remote sensing. Many remote sensing foundation models (RSFM) have emerged in recent years, sparking a new wave ...
The late 1970s were not kind to performance cars, yet the 1978 BMW 633CSi managed to feel like a proper long‑legged companion rather than a compromised survivor. It arrived as a sleek, straight‑six ...
The X5 has never been BMW’s wildest design, but it’s managed to avoid the extremes seen elsewhere in the lineup. Still, the oversized kidney grilles on the current model don’t do it many favors. They ...
A new chapter of performance has just started for BMW, as Alpina becomes BMW Alpina. The transfer of Alpina trademark rights took place on January 1, 2026, marking the launch of the new brand as an ...
This is our first look at the future of the Alpina brand under BMW ownership. BMW Alpina reveals its new wordmark. BMW’s ownership of Alpina became effective in 2026 due to regulatory pressures.