The pineal gland, which produces melatonin to regulate sleep, can develop calcium deposits (calcifications) over time. Researchers aren’t certain why this happens, though aging, metabolic activity, ...
The pituitary gland is a pea-sized endocrine gland that is situated in the middle of the skull base and kept protected within a bony cavity called the sella turcica. It plays an essential role in ...
Type IV secretion systems (T4SSs) comprise 12 protein components, VirB1–VirB11 and VirD4. VirB2 forms a pilus and is co-purified with VirB5. VirB4, VirB11 and VirD4 are ATPases powering pilus assembly ...
John Carew, MD, is an otolaryngologist and adjunct assistant professor at the Mount Sinai Medical Center department of otolaryngology and NYU Medical Center. Bacterial and viral infections commonly ...
Swollen lymph nodes in the groin, called inguinal lymph nodes, are usually caused by a lower body infection, such as sexually transmitted infections (STIs), fungal infections, cellulitis, or urinary ...
Swollen supraclavicular lymph nodes may occur as a reaction to infection or due to metastatic cancer. This type of swelling typically occurs just above a person’s collarbone. Swelling in the ...
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