Picture an Antarctic animal and most people think of penguins, but there is a flightless midge, the only known insect native ...
Before the second winter, the larvae reach their final stage but don't pupate. Instead, they enter obligatory diapause, a natural dormancy phase in their life cycle. The Antarctic midge is the ...
The cells are not killed. The proboscis is inserted but once, the larva retaining its position through the period of gall development. (b) Hypertrophy of the epidermal and adjacent mesophyll cells on ...
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Adult citrus gall wasps lay eggs on the stems and bark of citrus trees during the warmer months. When the eggs hatch, the ...