However, only select the most important ones to write about, and don’t write about your own ideas. Use linking words and a range of vocabulary to describe what you see in the charts. (You can write % or …

These were the basic ingredients for complex language. The next change would have been to put those words into sentences, similar to the ‘protolanguage’ children use when they first learn to speak.

Before reading Do the preparation task first. Then read the text and do the exercises. Preparation task Match the definitions (a–f) with the vocabulary (1–6). Vocabulary 1. ...... polluted 2. ...... noodles

As you know, I am enrolled on the Basic Spanish course at your college, which starts in September. However, due to unforeseen family events, I have had to leave the country for a while to assist my …

A restaurant menu Read a menu to practise and improve your reading skills.

Use precise vocabulary like steadily declined and a sharp increase to describe trends. Use linking expressions like while and in contrast to make comparisons. The question asks you only to …

Before reading Do the preparation task first. Then read the article and do the exercises. Preparation task Match the definitions (a–h) with the vocabulary (1–8). Vocabulary 1. ...... to deal with something 2. …

Use specific vocabulary (e.g. lyrics, fast-paced, catchy melodies) to comment on particular songs and parts of the music. It is also important to give context. Link the music to the artist’s life, or what …

Reading text: Reflective writing In January I spent three weeks volunteering as an English teacher in my town. I’ve been thinking about becoming an English teacher for a while so it was a good opportunity …

Giving instructions In this video, Vanya helps Emir learn how to use a new coffee machine. Listen to the language Vanya uses to give instructions and practise saying the useful phrases.